Skip to main contentQuick definitions.
BTKN
Bitcoin Token. The token protocol on Spark. Fast, cheap, native Bitcoin tokens.
Create
Registering a new token type. You do this once per token. Define name, ticker, decimals, max supply.
DKG
Distributed Key Generation. How operators create shared secrets where no single party knows the full key. Used for revocation commitments.
Final Token Transaction
The complete transaction after operators fill in revocation commitments and withdrawal parameters. This is what gets stored and propagated.
Mint
Creating new token units. Only the issuer can mint.
Partial Token Transaction
What the wallet constructs before sending to operators. Missing revocation commitments and other fields that operators fill in.
Revocation Commitment
A public key embedded in each token output. The private key is split among operators. When you spend, operators release their shares so you can reconstruct the full revocation key.
Revocation Key
The private key for a revocation commitment. If you try to double-spend by broadcasting old outputs, watchtowers use this to sweep your funds.
Spark Entity
The group of Spark Operators running the network.
Spark Operator
A single node that validates, co-signs, and enforces transactions. Each one runs a watchtower.
Threshold
How many operators must agree. Formula: (n + 2) / 2. For 5 operators, threshold is 3.
Token Identifier
32-byte unique ID for a token. Displayed in bech32m format.
Transfer
Moving tokens between owners. Inputs must equal outputs.
TTXO
Token Transaction Output. A single token holding. Owner, amount, token type, revocation commitment, withdrawal parameters.
Unilateral Exit
Withdrawing to Bitcoin L1 without operator cooperation. You broadcast pre-signed exit transactions, wait for locktime, claim tokens on L1.
Validity Duration
How long a transaction can wait before operators reject it. Max 300 seconds.
Watchtower
Service monitoring Bitcoin for double-spend attempts. Each operator runs one. If someone broadcasts a revoked output, watchtowers sweep their funds.
Withdrawal Bond
Sats you post when exiting to L1. Returned after locktime if legitimate. Swept by watchtowers if you’re cheating.
Withdrawal Locktime
Blocks to wait after broadcasting an exit transaction. Gives watchtowers time to check and respond. 
