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Burning destroys tokens permanently. Once burned, they’re gone forever.

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How it works

The issuer signs a burn transaction specifying which tokens to destroy. Operators validate and commit. Those tokens no longer exist. Total supply decreases.

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Why burn?

Redemptions. User wants to cash out 100ofstablecoin.Yousendthem100 of stablecoin. You send them 100, burn their 100 tokens. Supply stays matched to reserves. Deflationary mechanics. Some tokens burn a portion of each transaction or do periodic buyback-and-burns. Mistakes. Minted too many? Burn the excess.

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Who can burn

Only the issuer can use the burn function directly. But there’s a workaround: anyone can burn tokens by sending them to the burn address. 
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Tokens sent here are gone. The address exists but nobody has the key. This lets regular users burn their own tokens if they want to.

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Irreversibility

Burning is permanent. There’s no undo. Double-check amounts before you burn. If an issuer burns tokens by mistake, the only fix is minting new ones (if max supply allows).

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Burning vs freezing

Freezing is temporary and reversible. Burning is permanent. If you’re not sure, freeze first. You can always burn later.